Adopted by the General Assembly in 2000, the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime is the main international instrument in the fight against transnational organized crime. After the UNCATOC was adopted there was still considerable debate regarding the best review mechanisms to adopt.

It was not clear which reporting mechanisms and tools should be utilized to give the convention the greatest reach and efficacy. ICCLR supported UNODC and the Assembly of the State Parties to the convention by developing: Reporting Guidelines for States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (2008), and Elements of a mechanism to review the implementation of UNTOC and UNCAC (2009).

After considering these options for several years, in October of 2018, the State Parties to the UNTOC adopted the “Procedures and Rules for the Functioning of the Mechanism for the Review of the Implementation of the UNTOC and its Protocols”.